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Turkey

watch list Watch list — monitoring for future regulation

Turkey is being monitored for emerging AI regulatory developments. Legislation is under development or proposed but not yet enacted or enforceable.

Monitoring details

  • Status: Three AI-related bills introduced in Grand National Assembly, none enacted:
1. June 2024: General AI framework bill (8 articles — safety, transparency, equality, accountability, privacy). In committee. 2. July 2025: AI-Generated Content Bill (deepfake labeling, 6-hour intervention requirement, ICTA fines up to TRY 10M). 3. November 2025: Penal Code amendments for AI-generated content risks.
  • Signals: Presidential Decree No. 191 (Dec 2025) restructured government to include AI as independent field. KVKK (DPA) has standard ADM only — no AI-specific provisions.
  • Trajectory: Most advanced non-EU non-EEA European country in legislative ambition, but no bill has reached a vote. Promote when any binding AI law is enacted.

## Regional notes

Supranational instruments that may apply

As a member of Council of Europe, OECD, the following instruments may apply in Turkey:

InstrumentBodyStatusEffective
Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) Council of Europe enacted
ISO/IEC 23894 AI Risk Management OECD voluntary Feb 6, 2023
ISO/IEC 38507 Governance of AI OECD voluntary Apr 8, 2022
ISO/IEC 42001 AI Management System OECD voluntary Dec 18, 2023
ISO/IEC 42005 AI Impact Assessment OECD voluntary May 28, 2025
OECD AI Principles OECD voluntary May 22, 2019
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