Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) — Transparency & Disclosure

Q: Does Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) require Transparency & Disclosure?

Yes. Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) addresses Transparency & Disclosure through 1 provision.

Does Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) require Transparency & Disclosure?

Council of Europe • enacted

Yes — 1 provision

Requirements at a glance

This regulation imposes 3 specific requirements for Transparency & Disclosure across 1 provision:

Transparency and oversight — Art. 8 requires each Party to adopt or maintain adequate transparency and oversight requirements across the AI lifecycle, tailored to specific contexts and risks
Identification of AI-generated content — Art. 8 expressly extends those requirements to the identification of content generated by AI systems
Human-vs-AI notification — Art. 15(2) — each Party "shall seek to ensure", as appropriate for the context, that persons interacting with AI systems are notified they are interacting with such systems rather than with a human. A best-efforts obligation, weaker than the rest of Art. 15

Transparency and Notification (Articles 8 and 15) #

Obligation:

Transparency

pending

Effective:

Pending entry into force

Risk tier:

all

Scope:

providers, deployers

high-impactcross-domainupcoming

Applies across all sectors in all ratifying states — including the US, UK, and EU — creating a transatlantic baseline for AI disclosure. Note the split: Art. 8 transparency and AI-content identification is a firm obligation, while the human-vs-AI notification in Art. 15(2) is drafted as "shall seek to ensure", so implementing states retain discretion.

Requirements

Requirement	Details
Transparency and oversight	Art. 8 requires each Party to adopt or maintain adequate transparency and oversight requirements across the AI lifecycle, tailored to specific contexts and risks
Identification of AI-generated content	Art. 8 expressly extends those requirements to the identification of content generated by AI systems
Human-vs-AI notification	Art. 15(2) — each Party "shall seek to ensure", as appropriate for the context, that persons interacting with AI systems are notified they are interacting with such systems rather than with a human. A best-efforts obligation, weaker than the rest of Art. 15

Penalties

Violation	Fine
Non-compliance	Binding treaty — enforcement through domestic implementation; no direct supranational fines

Sources: CETS 225 Convention Text (PDF) Council of Europe Treaty Page

View full regulation View obligation Obligation matrix