Model AI Governance Framework

Jurisdiction:
Singapore
voluntary
Effective:
Jan 23, 2019
Authority:
Infocomm Media Development Authority
Official text Verified Mar 26, 2026

Obligations Covered

Human Oversight Explainability Risk Assessment

Regulatory Crosswalk

Binding regulations that require the same obligations this standard addresses. Implementing this standard can help satisfy these regulatory requirements.

RegulationJurisdictionShared Obligations
Work Health and Safety Amendment (Digital Work Systems) Act 2026 New South Wales 1
Privacy Act 1988 — Automated Decision-Making Reforms Australia 1
Brazil AI Bill (PL 2338/2023) Brazil 2
California AB 3030 (AI in Health Care Services) California 1
California CCPA ADMT Regulations California 2
California SB 1120 (Physicians Make Decisions Act) California 1
CMS Medicare Advantage AI Rule United States 1
Provisions on the Management of Algorithmic Recommendations China 1
Interim Measures for Generative AI Services China 1
Framework Convention on AI, Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law (CETS 225) Council of Europe 2
Colorado Privacy Act Rules (4 CCR 904-3) Colorado 2
Colorado Protecting Consumers from Unfair Discrimination in Insurance Practices Colorado 1
Colorado ADMT (SB 24-205) Colorado 1
Connecticut SB 1295 Connecticut 1
EU AI Act European Union 2
Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) European Union 1
Law on Artificial Intelligence Italy 1
AI Promotion Act Japan 1
AI Basic Act South Korea 2
Law on Artificial Intelligence Kazakhstan 1
Artificial Intelligence Regulations 2025 Malta 2
Federal Law on the Protection of Personal Data (LFPDPPP) — 2025 AI Provisions Mexico 1
New York RAISE Act New York 1
QCB Artificial Intelligence Guideline Qatar 2
Law for the Promotion of Artificial Intelligence and Technologies El Salvador 1
Artificial Intelligence Basic Act Taiwan 1
UK Data Protection Act 2018 — Automated Decision-Making United Kingdom 1
UK Online Safety Act 2023 United Kingdom 1
EO 14319 — Preventing Woke AI in the Federal Government United States 1
Executive Order on AI State Law Preemption United States 1
Law on Artificial Intelligence Vietnam 2

AI Governance and Human Oversight #

Obligation:
Human Oversight
voluntary
Effective:
Jan 23, 2019
Risk tier:
all
Scope:
providers, deployers

Requirements

RequirementDetails
Human-in-the-loopAppropriate level of human involvement based on risk and impact
Decision modelsThree models: human-in-the-loop, human-on-the-loop, human-out-of-the-loop
Risk-proportionateLevel of oversight proportionate to risk of AI application
Agentic AI oversight2026 update adds guidance for autonomous agent monitoring and intervention

Penalties

ViolationFine
Non-complianceVoluntary — no direct penalties; organizations legally accountable for AI actions under existing law

Explainability and Transparency #

Obligation:
Explainability
voluntary
Effective:
Jan 23, 2019
Risk tier:
all
Scope:
providers, deployers

Requirements

RequirementDetails
Explainable AIProvide explanations of AI decisions appropriate to the audience
TransparencyDisclose use of AI in decision-making to affected individuals
Stakeholder communicationProactive communication about AI use, capabilities, and limitations

Penalties

ViolationFine
Non-complianceVoluntary — no direct penalties

AI Risk Management and Third-Party Oversight #

Obligation:
Risk Assessment
voluntary
Effective:
Jan 23, 2019
Risk tier:
all
Scope:
providers, deployers

Requirements

RequirementDetails
Internal governanceEstablish AI governance structures and accountability
Risk managementLifecycle risk management from design through deployment and monitoring
Third-party oversightAssess and manage risks from AI vendor and third-party systems
Agentic AI risks2026 update covers system design, deployment safeguards, monitoring, and end-user responsibility

Penalties

ViolationFine
Non-complianceVoluntary — no direct penalties